Pakistan, Türkiye and Saudi Arabia have signed the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement during a trilateral summit in Makkah, establishing a collective defence framework under which an armed attack against any one of the three countries will be considered an attack against all three. According to Pakistan’s Foreign Office, the agreement aims to strengthen defence cooperation and enhance collective security coordination among the participating nations.
According to Pakistan’s Foreign Office, the agreement was signed during a high-level summit held at Al-Safa Palace in Makkah, attended by Saudi Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif.
The official statement said the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement reflects the three countries’ shared commitment to expanding defence cooperation while strengthening coordination on mutual security interests and long-term strategic collaboration.
Honoured to sign the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement alongside my dear brothers, HRH Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and H.E. President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
Three brotherly nations, united by faith, friendship and a shared resolve for peace and security.
May this historic…
https://t.co/v4gcORhbyd— Shehbaz Sharif (@CMShehbaz)
August 7, 2026
Details of the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement
According to Pakistan’s Foreign Office, the agreement was signed after taking into account the longstanding historical ties, strategic interests, and existing defence cooperation among Pakistan, Türkiye and Saudi Arabia.
The Foreign Office stated that the agreement contains a collective defence provision under which an armed attack against any one of the three participating countries will be regarded as an attack against all three members.
Officials added that the agreement also includes provisions aimed at expanding cooperation across defence-related sectors, strengthening coordination on security matters, and promoting broader collaboration between the three countries.
The ministry described the agreement as a reflection of the shared commitment of Pakistan, Türkiye and Saudi Arabia to enhancing long-term defence cooperation and collective security.
Trilateral Summit Held in Makkah
The agreement was signed during a trilateral summit held at Al-Safa Palace in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
According to the Foreign Office, the three leaders reviewed bilateral relations and discussed regional developments as well as international issues of mutual interest.
The summit also focused on identifying opportunities to expand cooperation across areas considered important to their shared strategic interests.
In addition to defence cooperation, the discussions reflected the three countries’ broader commitment to strengthening diplomatic engagement and regional coordination.
Background of Pakistan–Saudi Arabia Defence Cooperation
Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have maintained close defence and security relations for decades.
The two countries have cooperated in military training, defence coordination, and wider security engagement through longstanding strategic ties.
Before the signing of the trilateral agreement, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia had already developed defence cooperation arrangements designed to strengthen coordination on shared security concerns.
The Makkah Joint Defence Agreement expands that cooperation by creating a broader trilateral framework that also includes Türkiye.
Pakistan–Türkiye Defence Relations
Pakistan and Türkiye have likewise maintained close diplomatic, strategic and defence relations over many years.
Their cooperation has included military training, defence production, naval collaboration, aviation-related projects and regular security consultations.
The new agreement builds upon these existing partnerships while providing an additional framework for trilateral coordination between Pakistan, Türkiye and Saudi Arabia.
Why the Agreement Matters
According to Pakistan’s Foreign Office, the agreement is intended to strengthen collective defence capabilities and deepen cooperation across defence-related fields.
Its central provision states that an armed attack against one member will be treated as an attack against all three participating countries, creating a formal collective defence framework among the signatories.
While the agreement establishes the overall direction of future cooperation, official authorities have not yet released detailed information regarding implementation procedures, operational mechanisms or the practical application of the collective defence clause.
Any additional details are expected to emerge through future official statements issued by the participating governments.
What Happens Next
Further announcements from Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye may provide additional information regarding implementation, operational coordination and future defence initiatives under the agreement.
As more verified information becomes available, the practical scope of the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement and its long-term role in trilateral defence cooperation are expected to become clearer.
Until then, the agreement represents the latest officially announced step in expanding strategic cooperation among the three countries.
